Hydraulic packing.



F. HYMANS,

HYDRAULIC PACKING. 4

APPLICATION FILED JANJS, 1909.

Patented Nov. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

F. HYMANS.

HYDRAULIC PACKING.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.13. 1909.

Patented Nov. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

` INVENTGR JMW FREDERICK HYMANS, 0F PITTSBUG, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC PACKING.

Sp ecication of Letters Patent.

Patented Nbv. 2, 1909.

Application filed January 18, 1909. Serial No. 472,061.

To all whom 'it may concern: i

Be it known that 1, FREDERICK I-IYMANS, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Packing, of which the followin is a specification.

his invention has particular reference to the provision of an improved form of packing mechanism for pistons employed in hydraulic devices, such for example as elevators, and -has for its pri-mary objects; the provision of a packing of this character which will admit of 'ready renewal when occasion requires, and will not require frequent renewal; which will secure a better joint than forms of packings heretofore used in this class of device, and which in various other Ways will secure superior results,` especially in connection with the provision of a stable degree of friction between the piston and cylinder within which it works.

The above, as well as such other objects as may hereinafter appear, I obtain by means of the construction which I have illustrated in preferred form in the accompanying drawings, whereinv Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section, showing somewhat diagrammatically an elevator device with vertical cylinder having my improvements applied thereto, and

Figure 2l is a detail view on a larger scale indicating the arrangement of the packin mechanism made in accordance with my saiI invention.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 1 it will be seen that I have therein indicated `an elevator car 3 operated by a cable 1, and

suitable gea-rs which may be of any desired arrangement, the same being connected` to the customary rods 5 that are secured at their lower ends to a piston 6 operating within the cylinder 7. v'

As usually constructed, the cylinder 7 is supported upon suitable legs or standards S, and is provided with some suitable -fQrm of controlling valve 9, the hydraulic pressure coming downward and enteringthe pipe at 10, as indicated by the arrow, thls connection being in communication with the socalled pressure tank ordinarily employed in systems of this kind. The loutlet or escape for the water is indicated at 11.

From the above description it will be evident that the upper side of the "cylinder chamber indicated at 12 is the pressure side, and the lower side 13 what I will hereinafter call the outlet side, and that under normal. conditions of operation the wei ht of the car will exert a pull upon the ro' s 5 and piston 6 in opposition to the ressure in the chamber 12, and-said pull wi l be counterbalanced to greater or less extent by the pressure in chamber 13, depending upon the conditions of operation. It is one of the objects of my invention to arrange a packing i'n the piston 6 which will properly act, an the resistance of which will be proportioned in a degree to the difference in pressures between the chambers 12 Land 13, so thatif the pressure on the pressure side is correspondingly greater than that on the outlet side 13, the pressure on the packing will be increased, and contrariwise. l

In order now to better understand the arrangement of packing vwhich I provide, reference may be had vparticularly to Figure 2 wherein .I have indicated in detail the nd packing device .ranged the guide pnl-"tion 15 of the pistonto which the rods are attached, and connected with said guide portion 15 `by means of bridges 16, there isa body portion 17 provided with surrounding non-corrosive sleeve 18 preferably of brass, seated at its upper edge upon' a small packing ring 19 usually made of fiber, the said sleeve 18 forming upon its outer face ai bearing for a cup leather or other packing device 20 that is mounted upon what I shall term' a movable or variable pressure gland 21, the said gland being-'chambered out as indicated at 22 in order to permit. pressure from below to counterbalance the pressure upon the cup leather 2() through the ports 23.

At the bottom 'of the body portion 17 of the piston head I arrange the follower or cup shaped plate 24 secured by the threaded bolt 25 as indicated, and serving to 'hold the sleeve 18x-firmly in place, besides having an upward projecting ange 26 which fits along the outer peripheral surface of the gland 21, and serves as the lower end of the packing uchv Figure 2 it. will chamber of which latter the flange 27 'forms being inserted in sections as shown, and being formed of any preferred or suitable material. It is customary in mechanism of this character to use a packing material such as hemp or other fibrous composition which s when exposed to the action of the water will swell and become tighter, and it will be oblows:

mg or adjustin The packing and other parts having been placed lin position as shown, and the water admitted on the pressure side, that is, above the piston, it is evident-,that the downward pressure exerted upon'f'the cup leather 20 will make the same tight against the bushing or sleeve 18 and move the gland 21 downward to create pressure upon the packing material 28 against the upward projection 26 of the follower or plate 24, the downward pressure being counterbalanced to some extent by the pressure on the under side of the piston head which asses u ward through the apertures 23 to t e cham er 22. If the packing 28 swells suviiiciently it will react against the gland 21 and move it upward, the cup leather sliding upon-the outer face of the sleeve 18 and thus will automatically compensate for such excessive swelling oi the packin and in turn will re-compress or continuous y press the packing downward with a certain degree of force just suicientto set the packini-put tightly a ainst the inner face of the cy der and at t e same time not cause excessive rictional-.resistance If it be necessary to renew the acking it is obvious that this can readily e accomplished after the lower cylinder is taken o, by unscrewing the bolt 25 and taking down the follower 24 which will expose the packing 28 so that it can be taken out and new packin introduced, and new packing can e rea ily introduced by unskilled workmen, without the necessity of such accurate ittin because the construction of the gland 21 being movable or adjustable under pressure in the direction of the axial line of the piston, will make the device self compensatand do away with any necessity for suc accurate fitting. As the packin Vmatica y follow downward and hold the packing at all times spread out in proper position. The pressure of the glan upon the packing being dependent upon the pre.

on the upper side ponder-ance of pressure u at the mechanism of the piston, it is clear t predetermined or reasonablewears the gland 21 will also autodescribed provides a means for automatically varying the t of the packing or the pressure thereof upon the cylinder walls, in accordance with the said degree of preponderance of pressure, so that ifa greater variation or difference exists the packingwill be correspondingly or more tightly held. Y

description of my invention that by this arrangement the resilience of the packing material is preserved because it is not subjected to excessive pressure initially, and it is also evident that the force to which the packing is to be subjectexl may be predetermined by the designer, by simple variation of the ring It will be further evident from the above surface of the gland, the whole being so designed that just the requisite degree ofy force is imparted to the gland bythe hydraulic pressure acting thereupon.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire 'to secure by Letters Patent, is the following:

1. An improvement in hydraulic packing, comprising in combination a cylinder, a iston operating therein, a packing cham er, packin in said chamber, and means constructe to exert pressure upon said packing, proportioned to the diiference of ressure on opposite sides of said piston, su stantially as described.

2. In combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, a packing bearing against the cylinder wall, and a gland intermediate the packin and the piston and slidable longitudinal y thereof, the said gland bein exposed to pressure from both sides o? the piston.

3. In combination, a cylinder, therein, a packing bearing against the cylinder wall, a gland slidable axially of the piston and bearing against the end of the pressure Afrom both sides of the pis on.

4. In combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, a packing bearin against the cylinder wall, a gland slida le axially of the piston and bearin against the end of the packing, and pac ing means between the gland and the piston the said gland being exposed to pressure from both' sides of the piston.

5. In combination, a cylinder, a/ piston therein, a packing bearin against the cylinder wall, a gland slida le axially of the piston and bearin againstl the end of the packing, and pac ing means between the gland and the piston, the said gland being exposed to pressure from the cylinder whereby it is forced down against the end of the packing and such packing spread laterally.

a piston packing, the said gland being ex osed to provided with a flange 26, packing 28, at

theend of the flange, a gland 21 provided with a fiange 27' for compressing the pack- -10 ing, and packing means 20 between the piston and gland, the said gland being exposed to pressure from both sides of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two subscribed witnesses.

v FREDERICK HYMANS.

Witnesses: I I

PAUL SYNNEsrvEUr, HARvEY L. LECHNER'. 

